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The National Observatory for Human Development (ONDH) has just published its latest report on “Human Development Monitoring Indicators: Level and Trends at the National and Regional Levels 2012-2017”. The report shows access to medical coverage far from reaching the principle of universality and a recognition of the sense of poverty and weakening of the polarization of society, instability of work among women.
According to the ONDH report, the population’s access to medical coverage increased significantly between 2012 and 2017. It stood at 53.8% in 2017 compared to 23.4% in 2012. However, it remains still far from reaching the principle of universality.
The Observatory further notes that the proportion of women aged 15-49 who gave birth in a supervised environment improved by almost 5.5 percentage points between 2012 and 2017, from 82.1 per cent to 87.6%.
In the field of education, the average number of years of education for those aged 25 and over, which is a measure of the return on investment in education, was 4.8 years in 2017 that is 5.8 years for men and 3.8 years for women, says the same source.
This improvement is accompanied by the increase in school life expectancy to 12.7 years in 2017. Similarly, the proportion of individuals without a level of education increased from 45.5% to 40.0%.
With regard to employment and activity, the ONDH study has identified population transitions between unemployment, employment and inactivity, showing that women are more affected by job instability.
The report also reveals that the proportion of women leaving the labor market from an employment situation to inactivity has increased steadily, from 27.2% between 2012 and 2013 to 41.6% between 2015 and 2017.
With regard to the living conditions of households, the proportion of households with electricity increased from 95.2% in 2012 to 97.1% in 2017 (in rural areas from 89% in 2012 to 95.3% in 2017), according to the report which presents the evolutions and the recent progress recorded on the main indicators relating to several dimensions of human development.
Regarding wastewater disposal, the report indicates that 94.7% of urban households are connected to the public sewer system in 2017 compared to 92.5% in 2012.
As for garbage, 95.9% of urban households dispose of it with trucks or carts in 2017 compared to 93.5% in 2012.
In terms of inequality of consumption expenditure, the average annual expenditure per capita in urban areas (22.105 MAD) is about twice (1.9) higher than that of a Moroccan resident in rural areas (11.946 MAD).
Compared with the social distribution of consumption expenditure, the richest 10% of the population consume, during the period 2012-2017, nearly 1/3 of the total consumption of households, which corresponds to a per capita expenditure 10 times greater than that of the poorest 10%, underlines the ONDH.
Regarding the analysis of regional disparities, the report states that the quantitative improvement in living conditions over the last 6 years has not been accompanied by a significant convergence of social and territorial gaps, which is a sign of poverty and weakens the polarization of society.
The average number of years of study of Moroccans aged 25 and over varies from 3.8 years in the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region to 5.9 in Casablanca-Settat and the relative poverty rate in rural areas is 53.7% in the Draa-Tafilalet region compared with only 31.8% in the Casablanca region, the report notes.
The ONDH will present during a workshop, for the first time, the results of the longitudinal data analysis of the four sections of the ONDH Household Panel Survey. This innovative analysis of the same dimensions above allowed the monitoring of the dynamics of the main indicators of human development in Morocco, from 2012 to 2017.
